Subbing and dubbing are the processes of translating the original language of a foreign motion picture media into the preferred language of a specific audience. Subbing provides a written translation of dialogue spoken in its native language. The subtitles are displayed on the screen so that viewers can read the text while enjoying the anime in its original format. As for dubbing, actors read a translated script and then have their voices edited into the anime, replacing the original spoken dialogue.
Source：https://www.cbr.com/subs-vs-dubs-debate-explained-pros-cons/
